| Basic | |
|---|---|
| Advanced | |
| Craftable Emblem | |
| Uncraftable Emblem | |
| Radiant | |
| Artifact | |
| Support | |
| Consumable | |
| Removed | |
| Disabled |
Brackern[]
Surrounded around the Shuriman Continent are several clans of Brackern, including clans in the Shuriman desert.
Dormun[]
The Dormun are gigantic, slow-moving creatures protected with large chitinous plates covering their body. In the harsh conditions of Shurima they have evolved to survive the perpetual drought by utilizing an unknown sense to locate hidden reservoirs of water. Incidentally, certain nomadic tribes have built themselves a permanent home upon the backs of these beasts where they clean the creature and hunt any airborne pests who venture near.
Eka'Sul[]
Desert goats that travel in herds.
Mwatis[]
Mwatis are goatlike creatures with large plated casques on their heads. Mwati wool and plate are prised for felting and insulation.
Kmiros[]
Gigantic scarabs that roam in swarms, looking for unfortunate travelers to feed on. They seem to be common prey for 
Rammus.
Outerbeasts[]
- Main article: Voidborn
Beside the Xer'Sai, other creatures from the Void, referred to as 'outerbeasts', can be found in the desert.
- Xer'Sai: Creatures from the Void that plague the southern deserts. They are the size of big dogs on average, but can be smaller or much bigger.
Rek'Sai, as the queen, is by far the largest and most dangerous of her species. Xer'sai burst from their small burrows and ravage anything nearby, to the detriment of desert caravans. Once dead, the Xer'sai decompose at an abnormally rapid rate and become inedible.
Ralsiji[]
Large and aggressive minotaur-like creatures. They are humpbacked quadrupeds with long limbs and thick horns.
Shuriman Camel[]
A breed of camels native to the deserts of Shurima and are used by caravans as well as common folk as primary mode of transportation. Despite being well-suited for lengthy travels in the desert landscape, they are still prey to a many predator such as the Xer'Sai.
Sandswimmers[]
Sandswimmers
Sandswimmers are massive quadrupedal creatures that traverse the Shuriman desert in cyclical patterns. They got their name due to their preferred method of travel. Their narrow bodies and webbed feet are perfectly design for swimming under the sand. They feed on bugs and other small creatures most desert beasts ignore. Scavengers will often memorize the predictable paths these creatures take, and jump onto their backs to ride as far as they wish.
Skallashi[]
The Skallashi are large quadrupedal herbivores. These hardy beasts of burden are common across Shurima, ideally suited to the harsh desert environment. Their key body feature is their long legs. Notoriously bad-tempered, they are nevertheless treated with great reverence. Their brown hides are often painted with sacred symbols of protection, and their horns hung with totems and charms. While these creatures are mostly used for travel and carrying heavy loads, on some larger skallashi people are able to built miniature rooms for more comfortable travel. To own one is often considered a sign of considerable prosperity.
Image
Alistar
Alistar is a champion in League of Legends.[1]
Abilities[]
- If Alistar is at 7 stacks when Triumphant Roar comes off cooldown, he will roar as soon as it elapses.
- Alistar does not gain stacks for unsuccessfully trying to apply crowd control, for instance against a crowd control immune target.
- Alistar will still gain a stack for unsuccessfully trying to knock back a champion protected by a spell shield with Headbutt.(bug)
- Alistar will still gain a stack for unsuccessfully trying to knock back a champion protected by a
- Healing occurs simultaneously for Alistar and his allies.
- There is a VFX projectile (700 missile speed) that cannot be destroyed by Wind Wall and is unrelated to the actual heal.
- There is a VFX projectile (700 missile speed) that cannot be destroyed by
- Alistar loses all Triumph stacks upon dying.
- Pulverize can be buffered during Headbutt to cast with reduced cast time when the dash ends.
- Displacement immunity will also resist the application of the stun.
- This ability will cast from wherever the caster is at the end of the cast time.
- The dash speed depends on the inverse of the distance to the target:
- If Alistar's radius overlaps with his target's, he will dash with 1200 speed.
- If Alistar is further from his target than the previous condition, he will dash with (1200 × dash distance) / (dash distance - sum of radiuses).
- At maximum target range, against an enemy with a 65 gameplay radius (median of all champions), Alistar will dash with 1544 speed (reaching his target within 0.429 seconds).
- Both the lower the dash distance and the larger Alistar and/or his target, the faster the dash becomes; this scales hyperbolically.
- At maximum target range, against an enemy with a 65
- When Pulverize is buffered during the dash, the knockback distance is reduced to 200 units.
- The CC duration of the ability can be reduced by up to 33.33% Tenacity, due to airborne not being reducible while the stun is.
- The knockback direction is in a straight line from Alistar's original location at start of cast and the enemy when Alistar's dash ends.
- Headbutt can knock enemies through terrain. The knockback stops short on walls that cannot be surpassed but the disable duration is not changed.
- The spell indicator for this ability also displays the direction for the knock back relative to Alistar's position.
- Alistar's attack range is reduced「 to -375 」「 by 500 」during Headbutt, to prevent him from being able to attack the target when he completes the dash.
- Displacement immunity will not resist the application of the stun.
- Headbutt may be used as a gap-closer to knock up enemies at the target location with Pulverize, additionally overriding Headbutt's knock back.
- Ultra Rapid Fire differences edit
- Stun now ends at the same time the displacement does.
- Cooldown changed to 26 / 23.5 / 21 / 18.5 / 16 seconds.
- Trample deals persistent area damage damage around Alistar, while the bonus damage on the resulting attack is proc damage.
- The stun and bonus damage are blocked by spell shields but the base attack damage is not.
- The on-hit effect is consumed if the attack blocked, but not if it is dodged or missed while Alistar is blinded. In all cases, the attack's effects are negated as normal.
- As it is an on-hit effect, the bonus damage and stun can be applied by Guinsoo's Rageblade's Phantom Hit.
- True damage cannot be reduced by any means and will deal full damage to Alistar during Unbreakable Will.
- Unbreakable Will's modifier to incoming damage stacks additively with Vladimir's Hemoplague for a total reduction of 45/55/65%.*
- Ultra Rapid Fire differences edit
- Duration changed to 3.5 seconds. *
- Damage reduction changed to 50 / 60 / 70%.
- Cooldown changed to 180 / 150 / 120 seconds.
Champion skins[]
- This article section only contains champion skins. For all associated collection items, see Alistar (Collection).
Always a mighty warrior with a fearsome reputation, Alistar seeks revenge for the death of his clan at the hands of the Noxian empire. Though he was enslaved and forced into the life of a gladiator, his unbreakable will was what kept him from truly becoming a beast. Now, free of the chains of his former masters, he fights in the name of the downtrodden and the disadvantaged, his rage as much a weapon as his horns, hooves and fists.
Harlan Hogan
Unknown artist
Loot eligible
Patch history[]
- For the expanded patch notes, see here.
- Headbutt
- Bug Fix: No longer grants passive stacks from immobilizing effects that fail to apply to the target including when resisted by crowd control immunity.
- Headbutt
- Bug Fix: Hitbox is no longer extended when impacting an enemy at close range.
- Stats
- Selection radius reduced to 140 units from 145.
- Stats
- Base armor increased to 47 from 44.
- Base health increased 685 from 670.
- Triumphant Roar
- Ally heal increased to 7% of his maximum health from 6%.
- Pulverize
- AP ratio increased to 80% AP from 70% AP.
- Headbutt
- AP ratio increased to 100% AP from 90% AP.
- Triumphant Roar
- Self heal changed to 5% maximum health from 23 − 142 (based on level).
- Ally heal changed to 6% of Alistar's maximum health from 46 − 284 (based on level).
- Pulverize
- Mana cost reduced to 50 / 55 / 60 / 65 / 70 from 55 / 60 / 65 / 70 / 75.
- AP ratio increased to 70% AP from 50% AP.
- Headbutt
- Mana cost reduced to 50 / 55 / 60 / 65 / 70 from 65 / 70 / 75 / 80 / 85.
- AP ratio increased to 90% AP from 70% AP.
- Trample
- Mana cost reduced to 50 / 55 / 60 / 65 / 70 from 50 / 60 / 70 / 80 / 90.
- AP ratio per tick increased to 7% AP from 4% AP.
- Maximum AP ratio increased to 70% AP from 40% AP.
- Pulverize
- Cooldown reduced to 14 / 13 / 12 / 11 / 10 seconds from 15 / 14 / 13 / 12 / 11.
- Mana cost reduced to 55 / 60 / 65 / 70 / 75 from 65 / 70 / 75 / 80 / 85.
- Stats
- Base health increased to 670 from 600.
- Health growth increased to 120 from 106.
- Armor growth increased to 4.7 from 3.5.
- Magic resistance growth increased to 2.05 from 1.25.
- Triumphant Roar
- Base heal reduced to 23 − 142 (based on level) from 25 − 161 (based on level).
- Ally heal reduced to 46 − 284 (based on level) from 50 − 362 (based on level).
- Base heal reduced to 23 − 142 (based on level) from 25 − 161 (based on level).
- Pulverize
- Bug Fix: No longer grants a stack of Triumphant Roar when used on a spell-shielded target.
- The same issue is not yet fixed for Headbutt.
- The same issue is not yet fixed for
- Bug Fix: No longer grants a stack of
- Trample
- Bug Fix: Can now generate stacks against Morgana's Black Shield and Malzahar's Void Shift.
- Bug Fix: Can now generate stacks against
- Pulverize
- Base damage reduced to 60 / 100 / 140 / 180 / 220 from 60 / 105 / 150 / 195 / 240.
- Trample
- Bonus damage reduced to 20 − 275 (based on level) from 35 − 290 (based on level).
- Stats
- Base magic resistance reduced to 32 from 32.1.
- Pulverize
- Cooldown reduced to 15 / 14 / 13 / 12 / 11 seconds from 17 / 16 / 15 / 14 / 13.
- General
- Recommended items updated.
- Stats
- Base health increased to 600 from 575.
- Triumphant Roar
- New Effect: Can now gain stacks while on cooldown.
- Stats
- Base health increased to 575 from 573.36.
- Base attack damage increased to 62 from 61.1116.
- Attack damage growth increased to 3.75 from 3.62.
- Triumphant Roar
- Self heal increased to 25 − 161 (based on level) from 20 − 139 (based on level).
- Allied champion heal increased to 50 − 322 (based on level) from 40 − 278 (based on level).
- Stats
- Base mana increased to 350 from 278.84.
- Mana growth increased to 40 from 38.
- Trample
- New Effect: Now triggers effects that are triggered by DoT AoE abilities.
- Trample
- New Effect: Ability icon HUD now shows the remaining duration of the ability.
- Unbreakable Will
- New Effect: Ability icon HUD now shows the remaining duration of the ability.
- Trample
- Total base damage reduced to 80 / 110 / 140 / 170 / 200 from 100 / 125 / 150 / 175 / 200.
- Basic attack at 5 Trample stacks damage reduced to 35 − 290 (based on level) from 55 − 310 (based on level).
- Headbutt
- Bug Fix: Fixed a bug causing it to stun his target without displacing them if he cast recall in the middle of his W+Q combo to cancel the combo.
- Headbutt
- New run animation during Trample.
- Stats
- Base health reduced to 573.36 from 613.36.
- Trample
- Undocumented: Now prematurely ends the trampling when triggering the stun.
- Hextech Alistar
- Triumphant Roar
- Bug Fix: The chain anchors in his recall animation no longer change positions if Triumphant Roar is triggered while recalling.
- Stats
- Base health regeneration reduced to 8.5 from 8.678.
- Headbutt
- New Effect: Now draws nearby minion aggro when targeting an enemy champion.
- Stats
- Base armor increased to 44 from 24.38.
- Unbreakable Will
- Damage reduction increased to 55 / 65 / 75% from 50 / 60 / 70%.
- New Effect: Now displays how much damage the ability is mitigating per damage instance. Visible only to Alistar and his attacker.
- General
- Basic attack and ability audio has been updated for all skins without skin-specific audio effects.
- Triumphant Roar
- New Effect: Now heals all nearby allied champions instead of only one.
- Trample
- Cooldown reduced to 12 / 11.5 / 11 / 10.5 / 10 seconds from 16 / 15.5 / 15 / 14.5 / 14.
- On-hit damage at 5 Trample stacks increased to 55 − 310 (based on level) from 50 − 220 (based on level).
- Bug Fix: Minions affected by Trample now display the proper visual effects.
- SKT T1 Alistar
- General
- Bug Fix: Recall animation audio is no longer bullishly loud.
- Triumphant Roar
- Bug Fix: No longer slides around during animation.
- General
- Triumphant Roar (new innate)
- New Effect: Alistar gains a stack of Triumph when he stuns or displaces enemy champions, or whenever a nearby enemy dies. At 7 stacks, Alistar roars, healing himself for 20 − 139 (based on level) and the nearest allied champion for 「 twice that amount 」「 40 − 278 (based on level) 」. Afterwards, Alistar cannot gain stacks again for 3 seconds. The death of enemy champions and epic monsters will grant full stacks.
- Pulverize
- Removed: Stun for 0.5 seconds after the knock-up.
- Trample (new E)
- New Active: Alistar tramples the ground for the next 5 seconds, ghosting him and dealing 10 / 12.5 / 15 / 17.5 / 20 (+ 4% AP) magic damage every half second to nearby enemies. Each pulse that damages at least one enemy champion grants Alistar a Trample stack. At 5 Trample stacks, Alistar empowers his next basic attack against an enemy champion to deal an additional 50 − 220 (based on level) bonus magic damage and stun them for 1 second.
- Cooldown: 16 / 15.5 / 15 / 14.5 / 14 seconds
- Mana cost: 50 / 60 / 70 / 80 / 90
- New Active: Alistar tramples the ground for the next 5 seconds,
- Unbreakable Will
- Removed: 50 / 75 / 90 bonus attack damage.
- Unbreakable Will
- Damage reduction reduced to 50 / 60 / 70% from 70% at all ranks
- General
- Splash artwork for Longhorn Alistar updated to the Chinese art.
- Splash artwork for
- Triumphant Roar
- Healing to allies reduced to 33% from 50%.
- Ally heal reduced to 20.1 / 30.15 / 40.2 / 50.25 / 60.3 (+ 6.7% AP) from 30 / 45 / 60 / 75 / 90 (+ 10% AP).
- Healing to allies reduced to 33% from 50%.
- Pulverize
- New Effect: Goes immediately off upon Headbutt's arrival if cast during it.
- New Effect: Goes immediately off upon
- Triumphant Roar
- Mana cost increased to 50 / 60 / 70 / 80 / 90 from 40 / 50 / 60 / 70 / 80.
- Cooldown increased to 16 seconds from 12.
- Stats
- Base mana regen increased to 8.5 from 6.
- Stats
- Health growth increased to 106 from 102.
- Headbutt
- Dash speed reduced to 1200 from 1500 (for a larger enemy reaction window and for more efficient chaining with Pulverize, particularly at high latency).
- Dash speed reduced to 1200 from 1500 (for a larger enemy reaction window and for more efficient chaining with
- Visual Update
- General
- New models and textures for all skins.
- New splash artwork for Original Alistar.
- Unbreakable Will
- New particle effects.
- General
- Headbutt
- Removed: Alistar landing an extra basic attack on target while they are being displaced.
- Trample
- Removed: Double damage to monsters.
- Pulverize
- Clarity: Now correctly matches its visuals by applying a 1 second knockup followed by a 0.5 seconds stun, rather than a 1.5 seconds knockup.
- Mana cost reduced to 65 / 70 / 75 / 80 / 85 from 70 / 80 / 90 / 100 / 110.
- Headbutt
- Mana cost reduced to 65 / 70 / 75 / 80 / 85 from 70 / 80 / 90 / 100 / 110.
- Unbreakable Will
- New Effect: Damage reduction now applies instantly, rather than after the spell animation.
- Damage reduction increased to 70% at all ranks from 50 / 60 / 70%.
- Stats
- Base armor increased to 18.5 from 14.5.
- Stats
- Movement speed increased to 330 from 325.
- Headbutt
- Range increased to 650 from 600.
- Stats
- Movement speed increased to 325 from 300.
- Stats
- Base movement speed reduced to 300 from 305.
- Headbutt
- Cast range reduced to 600 from 650.
- Headbutt
- Base damage changed to 55 / 110 / 165 / 220 / 275 from 85 / 130 / 175 / 220 / 265.
- Trample
- Damage reduced to 7 − 24 (based on level) from 10 − 27 (based on level).
- Triumphant Roar
- Mana cost increased to 40 / 50 / 60 / 70 / 80 from 28 / 41 / 54 / 67 / 80.
- General
- Splash artwork for Golden Alistar updated to the Chinese art.
- Splash artwork for
- Stats
- Magic resist per level increased to 1.25 from 0.
- Trample
- Damage increased to 10 - 27 per second from 10 - 23.
- Triumphant Roar
- Mana cost increased to 28 / 41 / 54 / 67 / 80 from 20 / 35 / 50 / 65 / 80.
- Unbreakable Will
- Mana cost reduced to 100 from 150.
- Pulverize
- Mana cost reduced to 70 / 80 / 90 / 100 / 110 from 80 / 90 / 100 / 110 / 120.
- Headbutt
- Mana cost reduced to 70 / 80 / 90 / 100 / 110 from 70 / 85 / 100 / 115 / 130.
- Triumphant Roar
- Mana cost increased to 20 / 35 / 50 / 65 / 80 from 20 / 30 / 40 / 50 / 60.
- Triumphant Roar
- Bug Fix: Not granting assists.
- General
- Splash artwork for Original Alistar updated to the Chinese art.
- Splash artwork for
- Unbreakable Will
- Physical and magic damage reduction reduced to 50 / 60 / 70% from 75% at all ranks.
- Duration changed to 7 seconds at all ranks from 6 / 7 / 8.
- Headbutt
- AP ratio reduced to 70% AP from 80% AP.
- Pulverize
- AP ratio reduced to 50% AP from 60% AP.
- Triumphant Roar
- Heal AP ratio reduced to 20% AP from 40% AP.
- Stats
- Health per level reduced to 102 from 110.
- Pulverize
- Ability power ratio reduced to (+ 60% AP) from (+ 80% AP).
- Reduced the chance of failed knockups near terrain.
- Headbutt
- Base damage reduced to 85 / 130 / 175 / 220 / 265 from 85 / 135 / 185 / 235 / 285.
- AP ratio reduced to 80% AP from 100% AP.
- General
- Updated walking animation.
- Stats
- Base health reduced to 442 from 468.
- Health per level reduced to 110 from 114.
- Base mana increased to 215 from 192.
- Mana per level increased to 38 from 33.
- Base attack damage reduced to 55.03 from 59.525.
- Attack damage per level increased to 3.62 from 3.375.
- Movement speed increased to 305 from 300.
- Trample - New Innate
- Whenever Alistar casts a spell, he gains Trample for 3 seconds, ignoring unit collision and dealing 10 − 23 (based on level) + (0.1 per ability power) area damage per second. It deals double damage to minions and monsters.
- Added new animations and particles for Trample.
- Colossal Strength - Old Innate
- Alistar deals 20 / 40 / 60 (based on level)% additional damage to turrets.
- Pulverize
- Base damage reduced to 60 / 105 / 150 / 195 / 240 from 80 / 125 / 170 / 220 / 270.
- AP ratio reduced to 80% AP) from 100% AP.
- Cooldown changed to 17 / 16 / 15 / 14 / 13 seconds from 15 at all ranks.
- Range increased to 365 from 330.
- Stun duration after the 1 second knock-up reduced to 0.5 seconds from 1 second.
- Headbutt
- Base damage reduced to 85 / 135 / 185 / 235 / 285 from 90 / 140 / 190 / 245 / 300.
- Cooldown changed to 14 / 13 / 12 / 11 / 10 seconds from 12 at all ranks.
- Can now target minions.
- Improved targeting against moving targets.
- Pulverize
- Bug Fix: Stun particle displaying over unaffected units.
- Stats
- Base attack speed increased to 0.625 from 0.550.
- Attack speed per level increased to 2.13% from 1%.
- Headbutt
- Removed: Casting while rooted.
- Unbreakable Will
- Clarity: Tooltip corrected to state that it removes all crowd control but not all debuffs.
- Pulverize
- Clarity: Tooltip corrected to not imply that enemies do not take damage until they land.
- General
- Bug Fix: Alistar's attack timing was too fast.
- Headbutt
- Bug Fix: Alistar was prevented from using abilities immediately after activation.
- Pulverize
- New Effect: Deals damage when the target is knocked into the air rather than when they hit the ground.
- Triumphant Roar
- Base heal increased to 60 / 90 / 120 / 150 / 180 from 50 / 75 / 100 / 125 / 150.
- New Effect: Healing to other allied units is reduced by 50%.
- Headbutt
- Removed: Casting while disabled
- Triumphant Roar
- Cooldown reduction by nearby deaths reduced to 2 seconds from 4.
- Unbreakable Will
- Duration reduced to 6 / 7 / 8 seconds from 6 / 8 / 10.
- Bonus AD increased to 60 / 75 / 90 from 60 at all ranks.
- Pulverize
- Stun duration reduced to 2 seconds from 2.2.
- Triumphant Roar
- Bug Fix: Certain abilities reduce the cooldown ( Poison Trail, Cannon Barrage).
- Bug Fix: Certain abilities reduce the cooldown (
- Triumphant Roar
- Bug Fix: Certain abilities would reduce the cooldown.
- Triumphant Roar
- Cooldown increased to 12 seconds from 4.
- New Effect: Cooldown is reduced by 4 seconds when a nearby enemy dies.
- Heal increased.
- AP ratio increased.
- Mana cost increased.
- Colossal Strength
- Bonus damage to turrets increased to 20 / 40 / 60% from 20 / 30 / 40 / 50.
- Stats
- Movement speed increased to 300 from 290.
- Colossal Strength
- Removed: Reduces damage taken by turrets (still increases damage to turrets).
- Headbutt
- Removed: Target minions.
- Base damage increased to 90 / 140 / 190 / 245 / 300 from 80 / 135 / 190 / 245 / 300.
- Pulverize
- Base damage increased to 80 / 125 / 170 / 220 / 270 from 70 / 120 / 170 / 220 / 270.
- Triumphant Roar
- Base heal reduced to 40 / 65 / 90 / 110 / 130 from 50 / 70 / 90 / 110 / 130.
- Pulverize
- Area of effect increased to 330 from 300.
- Unbreakable Will
- Damage reduction increased to 75% from 70%.
- New Effect: Removes all self debuffs on cast.
- Pulverize
- Stun duration increased to 1.5 seconds from 1.
- Unbreakable Will
- Tooltip updated.
- Unbreakable Will
- New Effect: Alistar gains 70% damage reduction for the duration.
- Pulverize
- Stun duration reduced to 2.2 seconds from ~2.7.
- Unbreakable Will
- Bonus AD reduced to 60 from 80.
- Headbutt
- Stun duration reduced to 1 second from 1.25.
- Displacement speed increased to 1200 from 1000.
- Unbreakable Will
- Duration reduced to 8 / 12 / 16 seconds from 10 / 15 / 20.
- General
- Recommended items updated.
- Stats
- Attack range increased to 125 from 100.
- Unbreakable Will
- Duration increased to 10 / 15 / 20 seconds from 5 / 10 / 15..
- New Effect: Grants 80 Bonus AD.
- Headbutt.
- New Effect: Alistar dashes to target.
- Range increased to 650 from 200.
- Unbreakable Will
- Bug Fix: Casting while disabled.
- Triumphant Roar
- Cooldown reduced to 4 seconds from 5.
- Base heal increased to 50 / 75 / 100 / 125 / 150 from 50 / 70 / 90 / 110 / 130.
- New Effect: Has an AP ratio.
- Unbreakable Will
- Renamed from Ferocious Howl.
- Renamed from
- Headbutt
- Tooltip updated.
- Ferocious Howl
- Tooltip updated.
- Ferocious Howl
- Tooltip updated.
Trivia[]
- Alistar is voiced by Harlan Hogan.
- Alistar is an alternative form of Alistair, the Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic Alasdair, ultimately from Ancient Greek Ἀλέξανδρος, meaning "Defender": from PIE roots *h₂lek- "to ward off, to defend" and *h₂nḗr "man"[2]
- During Alpha Test, he was simply called 'Minotaur'.
- Alistar was deemed overpowered/obnoxious in the Ultra Rapid Fire game mode (available in April 2014) and was ultimately disabled in non-custom games.
- Alistar's Series 1 Eternals make the following references:
- By the Horns references the phrase take the bull by the horns.
- Indomita-Bull is a pun on the words "indomitable" and "bull".
- Matador is another term for bullfighter.
See also[]
| Cancelled Champions | |
|---|---|
References[]
- ↑ Alistar's profile page at LeagueOfLegends.com
- ↑ Beekes. R.S.P. Etymologyical Dictionary of Greek. pp. 64-65, 103-104.